[WEEK5] Chemistry of Food -Fatty Acids

https://youtu.be/GmNL2VErDAE

-Triglyceride => fatty acid x3 + glyderol

-Carbon chain

: short (<4)

: medium (6-10)

: long (>10)

-Stearic acid (C18, saturated fatty acid)

-Oleic acid (C18, monounsaturated fatty acid) -> good source of fat

-Linoleic acid (C18, polyunsaturated fatty acid)

-Saturated fatty acid can cause health issues

-Coconut oil has a high ratio of saturated fatty acid, but is this considered a healthy source of fat if it is taken small amount because the carbon chain itself is short.

-Steroid 안에 sterol 있음, sterol 로는 cholesterol, bile, vitamin D, hormones 등이 있음

-Cholesterol is only found in animal fat. Because it is produced in the liver

-Consuming cholesterol in your diet has very tiny impact on your cholesterol level

Digestion of fat

 

1. Mouth : chemically, mechanically (lingual lipase)

2. Stomach : gastric lipase

3. Small intestine : fat get absorbed in duodenum and jejunum, bile is reabsorbed in the ileum

(Gall bladder produces bile, it enters to the small intestine, it emulsifies fat)

(Enzymes released from the liver help those fat to break down)

Pancreatic lipase, phospholipase, cholesterolesterase => small intestine

4. Large intestine :5 % of fat passes through the large intestine and it is excreted

-> This whole process is for long-chain fatty acid 

(packaged into chylomicron) 

Short, medium-chain fatty acid can be directly absorbed

Where they are transporting lipids through the body

-Lipoproteins transport lipids through the bloodstream

-HDL takes those lipids from the tissue back to the liver and allows them to be removed

(so that fat don't clogg out blood vessel) (helps to remove cholesterol from peripheral)

-LDL transport lipids from the liver to the peripheral tissues

(deposit more fat in arterial walls)

 

Monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat is recommended for dietary intake