[WEEK6,7] Respiratory system

PART1

1. Internal larynx structure

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGX2dc75J_s 

-Vibration of cords create sounds

-Change in tension and thickness of the cords alters the pitch

2. Conducting and respiratory zones

https://youtu.be/03qvN5pjCTU

3. Respiratory system overview

https://youtu.be/0fVoz4V75_E

 

4. Laplace's law

https://youtu.be/_btWTwDVRj8

Pressure P increasement of a curve surface is inversely propotional to the radius R

P a 1/r

P in = P out +2r/r

 

 

 

PART2

1. Fick's law and gas exchange

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDsK0eyuhAk 

 

 

2. Respiratory gas exchange

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDrV33rZlyA 

IN tissue

O2 

1) diffused in Plasma goes directly into the tissue cell

2) HbO2 -> Hb + O2 in RBC and O2 goes into the tissue cell

 

CO2

1) diffused in plasma (~10%)

2) bicarbonate plasma (70%)

-> slow : CO2 + H2O -> HCO3- + H+

-> fast (in red blood cell, with carbonic anhydrase, CO2 + H2O -> HCO3- + H+)

(HCO3- exits RBC by exchanging with Cl-) (left over H+ binds to Hb in RBC and produce HHb)

3) Carboamino hb (20%)

-> CO2 + Hb -> HbCO2

 

IN lungs

CO2 (Moves blood to lung/alveoli)

1) diffused CO2 goes to lung directly 

2) bicarbonate

->(slow) HCO3- + H+ -> CO2 + H2O 

->(fast, in RBC with carbonic anhydrase) HCO3 moves back to RBC by exchanging with Cl-, to convert into CO2

HCO3- + H+ (detached from HHb) -> CO2 + H2O

3) carboamino hemoglobin

HbCO2 -> Hb + CO2

 

O2 saturation

-dissolved in plasma : O2 -> O2 (<2%)

-Binded hemoglobin : O2 + HHb -> HbO2 + H+ (98%)

 

More CO2 -> acidic 

(More H+ is produced by HCO3- H+ reaction)

Less CO2 -> alkaline